Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) systems are the two types of equipment most commonly used to visualize an anatomical structure in 3D. Below we summarize the characteristics of each.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems: These are medical imaging systems, also known as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems. There are two examination techniques:
Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging: This technique consists of exposing the hydrogen atoms in the human body to a magnetic field, mainly in the water and fat contained in the tissues. This type of MRI is therefore particularly suitable for observing organs and soft tissues such as the spinal cord, brain, muscles, tendons, liver, kidneys, spleen, etc.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): This technique makes it possible to assess brain activity based on changes in blood flow and oxygenation. It is widely used in cases of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or, in neurology, in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease, for example.